black

black documentation

Version in MegaLinter: 23.7.0
Visit Official Web Site
See How to configure black rules
- If custom pyproject.toml config file isn't found, pyproject.toml will be used

Configuration in MegaLinter

Enable black by adding PYTHON_BLACK in ENABLE_LINTERS variable
Disable black by adding PYTHON_BLACK in DISABLE_LINTERS variable

Enable autofixes by adding PYTHON_BLACK in APPLY_FIXES variable

Variable	Description	Default value
PYTHON_BLACK_ARGUMENTS	User custom arguments to add in linter CLI call Ex: `-s --foo "bar"`
PYTHON_BLACK_FILTER_REGEX_INCLUDE	Custom regex including filter Ex: `(src\\|lib)`	Include every file
PYTHON_BLACK_FILTER_REGEX_EXCLUDE	Custom regex excluding filter Ex: `(test\\|examples)`	Exclude no file
PYTHON_BLACK_CLI_LINT_MODE	Override default CLI lint mode - `file`: Calls the linter for each file - `list_of_files`: Call the linter with the list of files as argument - `project`: Call the linter from the root of the project	`list_of_files`
PYTHON_BLACK_FILE_EXTENSIONS	Allowed file extensions. `"*"` matches any extension, `""` matches empty extension. Empty list excludes all files Ex: `[".py", ""]`	`[".py"]`
PYTHON_BLACK_FILE_NAMES_REGEX	File name regex filters. Regular expression list for filtering files by their base names using regex full match. Empty list includes all files Ex: `["Dockerfile(-.+)?", "Jenkinsfile"]`	Include every file
PYTHON_BLACK_PRE_COMMANDS	List of bash commands to run before the linter	None
PYTHON_BLACK_POST_COMMANDS	List of bash commands to run after the linter	None
PYTHON_BLACK_UNSECURED_ENV_VARIABLES	List of env variables explicitly not filtered before calling PYTHON_BLACK and its pre/post commands	None
PYTHON_BLACK_CONFIG_FILE	black configuration file nameUse `LINTER_DEFAULT` to let the linter find it	`pyproject.toml`
PYTHON_BLACK_RULES_PATH	Path where to find linter configuration file	Workspace folder, then MegaLinter default rules
PYTHON_BLACK_DISABLE_ERRORS	Run linter but consider errors as warnings	`true`
PYTHON_BLACK_DISABLE_ERRORS_IF_LESS_THAN	Maximum number of errors allowed	`0`
PYTHON_BLACK_CLI_EXECUTABLE	Override CLI executable	`['black']`

IDE Integration

Use black in your favorite IDE to catch errors before MegaLinter !

IDE	Extension Name	Install
Atom	python-black	Visit Web Site
Emacs	blacken	Visit Web Site
Emacs	reformatter.el	Visit Web Site
Emacs	elpy	Visit Web Site
IDEA	black	Visit Web Site
Sublime Text	sublack	Visit Web Site
Visual Studio Code	VSCode Python Extension

MegaLinter Flavours

This linter is available in the following flavours

Flavor	Description	Embedded linters
all	Default MegaLinter Flavor	117
cupcake	MegaLinter for the most commonly used languages	85
python	Optimized for PYTHON based projects	62

Behind the scenes

How are identified applicable files

File extensions: .py

How the linting is performed

black is called once with the list of files as arguments (list_of_files CLI lint mode)

Example calls

black --diff --check myfile.py

black --config pyproject.toml --diff --check myfile.py

black --config pyproject.toml myfile.py

Help content

Usage: black [OPTIONS] SRC ...

  The uncompromising code formatter.

Options:
  -c, --code TEXT                 Format the code passed in as a string.
  -l, --line-length INTEGER       How many characters per line to allow.
                                  [default: 88]
  -t, --target-version [py33|py34|py35|py36|py37|py38|py39|py310|py311|py312]
                                  Python versions that should be supported by
                                  Black's output. By default, Black will try
                                  to infer this from the project metadata in
                                  pyproject.toml. If this does not yield
                                  conclusive results, Black will use per-file
                                  auto-detection.
  --pyi                           Format all input files like typing stubs
                                  regardless of file extension (useful when
                                  piping source on standard input).
  --ipynb                         Format all input files like Jupyter
                                  Notebooks regardless of file extension
                                  (useful when piping source on standard
                                  input).
  --python-cell-magics TEXT       When processing Jupyter Notebooks, add the
                                  given magic to the list of known python-
                                  magics (capture, prun, pypy, python,
                                  python3, time, timeit). Useful for
                                  formatting cells with custom python magics.
  -x, --skip-source-first-line    Skip the first line of the source code.
  -S, --skip-string-normalization
                                  Don't normalize string quotes or prefixes.
  -C, --skip-magic-trailing-comma
                                  Don't use trailing commas as a reason to
                                  split lines.
  --preview                       Enable potentially disruptive style changes
                                  that may be added to Black's main
                                  functionality in the next major release.
  --check                         Don't write the files back, just return the
                                  status. Return code 0 means nothing would
                                  change. Return code 1 means some files would
                                  be reformatted. Return code 123 means there
                                  was an internal error.
  --diff                          Don't write the files back, just output a
                                  diff for each file on stdout.
  --color / --no-color            Show colored diff. Only applies when
                                  `--diff` is given.
  --fast / --safe                 If --fast given, skip temporary sanity
                                  checks. [default: --safe]
  --required-version TEXT         Require a specific version of Black to be
                                  running (useful for unifying results across
                                  many environments e.g. with a pyproject.toml
                                  file). It can be either a major version
                                  number or an exact version.
  --include TEXT                  A regular expression that matches files and
                                  directories that should be included on
                                  recursive searches. An empty value means all
                                  files are included regardless of the name.
                                  Use forward slashes for directories on all
                                  platforms (Windows, too). Exclusions are
                                  calculated first, inclusions later.
                                  [default: (\.pyi?|\.ipynb)$]
  --exclude TEXT                  A regular expression that matches files and
                                  directories that should be excluded on
                                  recursive searches. An empty value means no
                                  paths are excluded. Use forward slashes for
                                  directories on all platforms (Windows, too).
                                  Exclusions are calculated first, inclusions
                                  later. [default: /(\.direnv|\.eggs|\.git|\.h
                                  g|\.ipynb_checkpoints|\.mypy_cache|\.nox|\.p
                                  ytest_cache|\.ruff_cache|\.tox|\.svn|\.venv|
                                  \.vscode|__pypackages__|_build|buck-
                                  out|build|dist|venv)/]
  --extend-exclude TEXT           Like --exclude, but adds additional files
                                  and directories on top of the excluded ones.
                                  (Useful if you simply want to add to the
                                  default)
  --force-exclude TEXT            Like --exclude, but files and directories
                                  matching this regex will be excluded even
                                  when they are passed explicitly as
                                  arguments.
  --stdin-filename TEXT           The name of the file when passing it through
                                  stdin. Useful to make sure Black will
                                  respect --force-exclude option on some
                                  editors that rely on using stdin.
  -W, --workers INTEGER RANGE     Number of parallel workers [default:
                                  BLACK_NUM_WORKERS environment variable or
                                  number of CPUs in the system]  [x>=1]
  -q, --quiet                     Don't emit non-error messages to stderr.
                                  Errors are still emitted; silence those with
                                  2>/dev/null.
  -v, --verbose                   Also emit messages to stderr about files
                                  that were not changed or were ignored due to
                                  exclusion patterns.
  --version                       Show the version and exit.
  --config FILE                   Read configuration from FILE path.
  -h, --help                      Show this message and exit.

Installation on mega-linter Docker image

PIP packages (Python):
- black